Content

  • Physics

        Physics is a branch of science that involves the study of physical world : energy, matter and how they are related. For example, study of motion of electron, rocket, energy released during the explosion of atomic bomb, energy  in waves, electronic circuits, structure of protons and of universe etc.

    Mathematics and Physics

        Physics uses mathematics as a powerful tool.  Many physics laws are expressed in terms of mathematical forms and formulas.

    Units

    1. SI Unit being used in Physics  

    (International System of Units-SI units)

    Quantity                     Base Unit            Symbol

    Mass :                           Kilogram           kg                 

    Temperature                   kelvin               k

    Length :                         meter               m               

    Amount of substance       mole                 mol

    Time:                             second              s  or sec        

    Electric current               ampere             A

    Luminous intensity          candela             cd

    Three Fundamental Units being used in mechanics

    Mass

    Length

    Time

    kg

    m  (meter)

    s (second)

     

     

     

      2. SI prefixes

     

    Prefix

    1000m

    10n

    Decimal

    English word

    Adoption[nb 1]

    Name

    Symbol

    Short scale

    Long scale

    yotta

    Y

     10008

     1024

    1000000000000000000000000

     septillion

     quadrillion

    1991

    zetta

    Z

     10007

     1021

    1000000000000000000000

     sextillion

     thousand trillion or trilliard

    1991

    exa

    E

     10006

     1018

    1000000000000000000

     quintillion

     trillion

    1975

    peta

    P

     10005

     1015

    1000000000000000

     quadrillion

     thousand billion or billiard

    1975

    tera

    T

     10004

     1012

    1000000000000

     trillion

     billion

    1960

    giga

    G

     10003

     109

    1000000000

     billion

     thousand million or milliard

    1960

    mega

    M

     10002

     106

    1000000

                million

    1960 (1873)

    kilo

    k

     10001

     103

    1000

                thousand

    1960 (1795)

    hecto

    h

     10002/3

     102

    100

                hundred

    1960 (1795)

    deca

    da

     10001/3

     101

    10

                ten

    1960 (1795)
     

     10000

     100

    1

                one

    –

    deci

    d

     1000−1/3

     10−1

    0.1

                tenth

    1960 (1795)

    centi

    c

     1000−2/3 

     10−2

    0.01

                hundredth

    1960 (1795)

    milli

    m

     1000−1

     10−3

    0.001

                thousandth

    1960 (1795)

    micro

    μ

     1000−2

     10−6

    0.000001

                millionth

    1960 (1873)

    nano

    n

     1000−3

     10−9

    0.000000001

     billionth

     thousand millionth

    1960

    pico

    p

     1000−4

     10−12

    0.000000000001

     trillionth

     billionth

    1960

    femto

    f

     1000−5

     10−15

    0.000000000000001

     quadrillionth

     thousand billionth

    1964

    atto

    a

     1000−6

     10−18

    0.000000000000000001

     quintillionth

     trillionth

    1964

    zepto

    z

     1000−7

     10−21

    0.000000000000000000001

     sextillionth

     thousand trillionth

    1991

    yocto

    y

     1000−8

     10−24 

    0.000000000000000000000001

     septillionth

     quadrillionth 

    1991
     

    3. Standard Abbreviations for Unit Names:

       s  = second   N = newton   V = volt     cm = centimeter  lb = pound   m  = meter  J  = joule      

        W = watt     ft = foot       Hz = hertz   A = Ampere      g  = gram    mi = mile    C = coulomb     

        kg = kilogram

    4.Examples

       Unit conversion

          5 nm= 5 nanometer = 5x 10 - 9 meter

           3 giga seconds = 3x 109 s

      Complete the following chart:

    mm                  cm                    m                    km        

        1.0    =                   =                      =           _____         

                 =           25     =                     =         

                 =                    =            3.71   =         

     

    5. Homework

    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DVLlX2-JeCVY-wQmiJ2AWur3dyKYOhhs/view